Compare Saint Martin (2007) - Nauru (2002)

Compare Saint Martin (2007) z Nauru (2002)

	Saint Martin (2007)	Nauru (2002)

Administrative divisions	-	14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 39.6% (male 2,515; female 2,366) 15-64 years: 58.7% (male 3,578; female 3,656) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 108; female 106) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	coconuts
Airports	1	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 54.4 sq km land: 54.4 sq km water: NEGL	total: 21 sq km land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	more than one-third the size of Washington, DC	about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished St. Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The cultivation of sugar cane introduced slavery to the island in the late 18th century; the practice was not abolished until 1848. The island became a free port in 1939; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded during the 1970s and 1980s. In 2003, the populace of St. Martin voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the northern portion of the island became a French overseas collectivity.	Nauru's phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium; the island was occupied by Australian forces in World War I. Nauru achieved independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999. Nauru is the world's smallest independent republic.
Birth rate	-	26.6 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $23.4 million expenditures: $64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96)
Capital	name: Marigot geographical coordinates: 18 04 N, 63 05 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight savings: +1 hour	no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
Climate	temperature averages 80-85 degrees all year long; low humidity, gentle trade winds, brief, intense rain showers; July-Novemeber is the hurricane season	tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February)
Coastline	58.9 km (for entire island)	30 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	29 January 1968
Country name	conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Martin conventional short form: Saint Martin local long form: Collectivity d'outre mer de Saint-Martin local short form: Saint-Martin	conventional long form: Republic of Nauru conventional short form: Nauru former: Pleasant Island
Currency	-	Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate	-	7.06 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	-	$33.3 million
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas collectivity of France)	the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas collectivity of France)	Nauru does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a UN office at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, New York 10017; telephone: (212) 937-0074 consulate(s): Hagatna (Guam)
Disputes - international	-	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	$2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.)
Economy - overview	The economy of Saint Martin centers around tourism with 85% of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport in Sint Maarten. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported, primarily from Mexico and the United States. Saint Martin is reported to have the highest per capita income in the Caribbean.	Revenues of this tiny island have come from exports of phosphates, but reserves are expected to be exhausted within a few years. Phosphate production has declined since 1989, as demand has fallen in traditional markets and as the marginal cost of extracting the remaining phosphate increases, making it less internationally competitive. While phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World, few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income have been invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. The government has been borrowing heavily from the trusts to finance fiscal deficits. To cut costs the government has called for a freeze on wages, a reduction of over-staffed public service departments, privatization of numerous government agencies, and closure of some overseas consulates. In recent years Nauru has encouraged the registration of offshore banks and corporations. Tens of billions of dollars have been channeled through their accounts. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's per capita GDP varying widely.
Electricity - consumption	-	27.9 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	-	30 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m highest point: Pic du Paradis 424 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m
Environment - current issues	fresh water supply is dependent on desalinization of sea water	limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian	Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002)	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002) 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007) head of government: President of the Territorial Council Louis-Constant FLEMING (since 16 July 2007) cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council election: French president elected by popular vote to a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term election results: Louis-Constant FLEMING unanimously elected president by the Territorial Council on 16 July 2007	chief of state: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 8 March 2003 (next to be held NA 2004); following Rene HARRIS' resignation, Bernard DOWIYOGO was elected president election results: Rene HARRIS elected president; percent of Parliamentary vote - NA%; replaced by Bernard DOWIYOGO 9 January 2003 following a no-confidence vote; HARRIS reinstated 17 January 2003, then gives up presidency 18 January and DOWIYOGO is elected president; DOWIYOGO dies 10 March 2003; with 9 votes over 8 for Kinza CLODUMAR, Derog GIOURA was named acting president
Exports	-	$25.3 million f.o.b. (1991)
Exports - commodities	-	phosphates
Exports - partners	-	NZ, Australia, South Korea, US (2000)
Fiscal year	-	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	the flag of France is used	blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $60 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 15% services: 84% (2000)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	18 05 N, 63 57 W	0 32 S, 166 55 E
Geography - note	the island of Saint Martin is the smallest landmass in the World shared by two independent states, the French territory of Saint Martin and the Dutch territory of Sint Maarten	Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator
Highways	-	total: 30 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 6 km (1998 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	broad-based money-laundering center
Imports	-	$21.1 million c.i.f. (1991)
Imports - commodities	crude petroleum, food, manufactured items	food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery
Imports - partners	US, Mexico (2006)	Australia, US, UK, Indonesia, India (2000)
Independence	none (overseas collectivity of France)	31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	tourism, light industry and manufacturing, heavy industry	phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products
Infant mortality rate	-	10.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	-3.6% (1993) (1993)
International organization participation	UPU	ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, ICAO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	-	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court
Labor force - by occupation	85% directly or indirectly employed in tourist industry	employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation
Land boundaries	total: 15 km border countries: Netherlands Antilles (Sint Maarten) 15 km	0 km
Land use	-	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	French (official language), English, Dutch, French Patois, Spanish, Papiamento (dialect of Netherlands Antilles)	Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes
Legal system	the laws of France, where applicable, apply	acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law
Legislative branch	unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held July 2012) election results: percent of seats by party - UPP 49%, RRR 42.2%, Reussir Saint-Martin 8.9%; seats by party - UPP 16, RRR 6, Reussir Saint-Martin 1	unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 18
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 61.57 years male: 58.05 years female: 65.26 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	island 300 km southeast of Puerto Rico	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Oceania
Maritime claims	-	contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia
Military branches	-	no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA%
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 3,103 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 1,710 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is Schoalcher Day (Slavery Abolition Day) 12 July (1848)	Independence Day, 31 January (1968)
Nationality	-	noun: Nauruan(s) adjective: Nauruan
Natural hazards	-	periodic droughts
Natural resources	salt	phosphates, fish
Net migration rate	-	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis Constant FLEMING]; Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON]; Reussir Saint-Martin [Jean-Luc HAMLET]	loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal) [Bernard DOWIYOGO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	33,102 (October 2004 census)	12,329 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	1.96% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Nauru
Radio broadcast stations	FM 3 (2007)	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	7,000 (1997)
Railways	-	total: 5 km note: gauge unknown; used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast (2001)
Religions	Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Protestant, Hindu	Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age, universal	20 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system	general assessment: fully integrated access domestic: direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems international: country code - 590; undersea fiber-optic cable provides voice and data connectivity to Puerto Rico and Gudaloupe	general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	2,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	450 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	-	1 (1997)
Terrain	-	sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center
Total fertility rate	-	3.5 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Transportation - note	nearest airport for international flights is Princess Juliana International Airport (SXM) located in Sint Maarten	-
Unemployment rate	-	0%
Waterways	-	none

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